制动对兔膝关节韧带力学特性和形态学的影响

本文通过对兔膝关节制动前后股骨—内侧副韧带—胫骨复合装置抗张强度的测定,以及对外侧副韧带和韧带附着骨端的形态学观察,研究制动及制动后进行被动运。动对骨—韧带—骨复合装置抗张强度的影响并探讨其机制。结果表明,制动可导致股骨—内侧副韧带—胫骨复合装置的最大载荷、能量吸收明显下降。这种改变可能与韧带附着胫骨端破骨细胞增多,骨膜下骨吸收增加,导致韧带附着力减弱,以及韧带组织中胶原纤维束减少有关。去制动后,由于韧带附着胫骨端的形态结构恢复较慢,韧带—骨复合装置抗张强度的完全恢复需较长的时间。制动后的早期被动运动对韧带—骨复合装置抗张强度的恢复及韧带组织结构的恢复有一定促进作用。

THE EFFECTS OF IMMOBILIATION ON THE BIOMACHNICS AND MORPHOLOGY OF THE LIGAMENTS OF THE RABBIT KNEE JOINT

The effects of immobilization and remobilization on the biomechanics of the femur-medial collateralligament complex and the morphology of the lateral collateral ligament and its sites of insertion were investi-gated in the rabbits. The results showed that after immobilization there was significant reduction in theultimate load and energy absorption of the femur-medial collateral ligament-tibia complex. The morphologicalchange of the tibial insertion site was found increased osteoclastic activity, resorption of bone and thereduction of diameters of fiber bundles of the ligament, which were considered to be somewhat roles in thereduction of tensile strength of the ligament. The slow bone recovery at the tibial insertion site of the ligam-ent may account for the delayed recovery of the femur-medial collateral ligament-tibia complex tensilestrength after removal of immobilization. Early application of passive motion exercises is beneficial to theregaining of tensile strength of the femur-medial collateral ligament-tibia complex and recovery of the fiberbundles of the ligament and its sites of insertion during the immobilization.