江苏地区居民膳食结构与营养状况变迁研究

目的:探讨1989～2004年江苏地区居民膳食结构和健康的变化趋势。方法:整群抽样的方法,确定苏州、扬州、海门、金湖、沭阳、泰兴等6个调查点。用3d称重法和3d24h个人膳食回顾法调查18岁以上成人各种食物消费频率及消费量。以SAS软件对数据资料进行统计分析。结果:居民植物性食物消费量下降,畜禽肉和蛋类食物的消费量显著提高。成人能量和蛋白质的摄入基本满足需要,奶类的消费量增长较快。脂肪供能比增长较快,2002年时已超过WHO建议标准。居民的超重和肥胖患病迅速上升,成年男性BMI大于24以上人群1989年占9.4%,2000年28.6%,2004年34.1%。1989年高血压患病率男性为7.8%,女性4.8%,而2004年分别达到26.5%和20.1%。结论:江苏地区居民膳食结构和营养状况变迁,面临部分营养素供给不足和脂肪摄取偏高,超重、肥胖和高血压疾病带来的挑战,应加强对居民膳食的引导和营养干预。

STUDY ON TRANSITION OF DIETARY PATTERN IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

Objective:To study the trasition of dietary pattern among people in Jiangsu Province from 1989 to 2004. Method:Multistage cluster samples included Suzhou,Yangzhou,Haimen,Jinhu,Shuyang and Taixing. Dietary information among adults aged 18 and above was assessed by 3 d weighing method. All statistical analyses were done by SAS. Results:There was decrease in the consumption of grain and significant increase in animal foods. The intake of energy and protein met the requirements. The rapid increase in the consumption of milk was observed. There was also an increase in the proportion of energy from fat. In 2002,it was higher than WHO recommendation. The prevalence of overweight and obesity(BMI>24) among male adults increased by years:9.4% in 1989,28.6% in 2000,and 34.1% in 2004。In 1989 the prevalence of hypertension was only 7.8% in men and 4.8% in women,while it reached 26.5% and 20.1% respectively in 2004. Conclusion:In the period of dietary transition,people in Jiangsu experienced the inadequate intake of some nutrients and high intake of fat. Overweight,obesity and hypertension are prevalent as results of this transition,so implementation of nutrition intervention is needed.