胎儿硬腭的三维超声显像方法及其应用

目的探讨胎儿硬腭的三维超声显像方法及其在产前诊断胎儿腭裂中的应用价值。方法采集100胎孕13～35周正常胎儿及32胎唇裂胎儿颜面部的三维容积数据,通过旋转x、y、z轴、调节灰度阈值和片层,显示观察胎儿硬腭矢状面、冠状面和横断面声像图。结果正常胎儿硬腭矢状面显示率为93.00%(93/100),呈前后走向的带状稍强回声,表面光滑,前方与上牙槽突强回声相延续;冠状面显示率为91.00%(91/100),冠状面上硬腭位于中部,呈连续的弧形带状稍强回声,与上方鼻骨强回声构成三角关系;横断面显示率为90.00%(90/100),横断面上硬腭呈拱门形稍强回声,前方、左、右侧被上牙槽突强回声所包围;88.00%(88/100)的胎儿硬腭在3个位面上均可显示。32胎唇裂胎儿中,检出9胎合并腭裂并经随访证实,其腭裂部位、裂隙宽度、整体形态及走向显示清楚。结论应用三维超声观察胎儿硬腭简便易行。掌握正常胎儿硬腭三维超声声像图特征有助于提高胎儿腭裂的检出率及评判预后。

Methodology and application of three-dimensional ultrasonographic viewing of fetal palate

Objective To investigate the methodology of three-dimensional ultrasonography to display fetal palate and its clinical application value in prenatal diagnosis of cleft palate.Methods Volume data of 100 normal fetal faces and 32 fetus of cleft lip ranging from 13—35 weeks gestation were acquired with three-dimensional ultrasonography.The fetal palate in sagittal plane,coronal plane and transverse plane were viewed by rotating the x,y,z axis and regulate the button of threshold and slice.Results On sagittal plane,the visualization rate of fetal palate was 93.00%(93/100),the fetal palate presented as zonary slightly hyperechogenicity from anterior to posterior,the surface was smooth,and the front of it stretched to dental process which was also hyperechogenicity.On coronal plane,the visualization rate of fetal palate was 91.00%(91/100),which presented in central region and took on continuous cambered zonary with slight hyperechogenicity,the palate and nasal bone had trigonal relationship.On transverse sagittal plane,the visualization rate of fetal palate was 90.00%(90/100),which looked like arched door with slight hyperechogenicity,the front,left and right surface of fetal palate were surrounded by dental process.The rate of fetal palate revealed in all above three planes was 88.00%(88/100).There were 9 cleft palate confirmed by follow-up in all 32 fetus of cleft lip.The position,fissure width,whole shape and orientation of cleft palate were showed clearly with three-dimensional ultrasonography.Conclusion Application of three-dimensional ultrasonography to reveal fetal palate is easy to operate.To master the methodology of three-dimensional ultrasonography imaging has important clinical value for increase the detection rate of fetal cleft palate.