Nutritional content,mercury, and trace element analyses of two skate (Rajidae) species in the Gulf of Alaska |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Aix-Marseille University, CNRS/INSU, Toulon University, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France;2. Institut Français de Recherche pour l''Exploitation de la Mer (Ifremer), Z.P. Brégaillon, CS 20203, 83507 La Seyne-sur-Mer, France;3. Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France;1. Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil;2. Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;3. Laboratório de Biologia e Tecnologia Pesqueira, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;4. Institute of Environment, College of Arts, Sciences & Education, Florida International University, North Miami 33181, United States;5. Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil;6. AquaRio - Aquário Marinho do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;7. IMAM - AquaRio, Rio de Janeiro Aquarium Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR), Avenida IPN, s/n Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico;2. Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, 07340 Ciudad de México, Mexico;3. Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia (CMP+L), Av. Acueducto s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Gustavo A. Madero, 07340 Ciudad de México, Mexico |
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| Abstract: | Seafood is recognized as an important source of proteins and long chain omega-3 fatty acids. However, one of the primary concerns with seafood consumption is the level of heavy metals, particularly mercury, present in fish tissues, which may influence the demand of certain fishery products. We sampled muscle and liver tissues from 20 big (Beringraja binoculata) and 20 longnose (Raja rhina) skates collected near Kodiak and Cordova, Alaska, and analyzed their nutritional content (protein, moisture and lipid content and fatty acid profiles), heavy metal (mercury, arsenic, cadmium, lead) and trace element (selenium) load. Big and longnose skate muscle was composed of lean protein (14.7% ± 0.7% SD) with 1.2% (±0.4%) lipids and 83% (±0.8%) moisture. Skate livers were very high in lipids, between 52.5 and 57.5% and had high percentages of omega-3 fatty acids (30.2%). Mercury in these skates had mean levels of 0.21 mg/kg, lower than average levels found in Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis). Overall, the risk/benefit ratio of consuming skate muscle was slightly positive (3.62%) based on the balance of mercury toxicity and omega-3 fatty acid benefits. Big skates were overall more beneficial to consume, and only longnose skates from Cordova had a negative risk/benefit ratio. These data can be used by the fishing industry to understand current and future market demands for skate products, and to be aware of any health concerns of consuming Gulf of Alaska skates. |
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| Keywords: | Seafood analysis Fatty acids Heavy metals Food analysis Food composition Market demand |
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