形觉剥夺性眼病与轴性近视关系的探讨

目的　研究形觉剥夺对眼球发育及屈光状态的影响 ,探讨近视眼发病机理及近视发生的危险因素。方法　对一组单眼患早期形觉剥夺性眼病患者的眼球各屈光因子 ,进行生物学测量比较 ,确定其屈光状态 ,并用t检验及多元相关分析的方法找出形觉剥夺性近视的危害因子。结果　患眼与健眼相比 ,患眼有较明显的近视倾向 ,平均屈光力相差 1 2 0 1D。两组比较角膜屈光力、晶状体厚度差异无显著性意义 ;前房深度、玻璃体腔长度、眼轴长度、眼的屈光状态差异均具有显著性意义。玻璃体腔长度为近视眼发生的主要危险因素。结论　早期形觉剥夺可发生近视眼 ,其主要危险因子是眼轴长度 ,主要危害部位在眼后段。尽早去除形觉剥夺 ,保持或恢复视觉发育敏感期的正常视觉环境 ,有利于预防近视眼的发生。

A study of relationship between form deprivation and axial myopia.

Objective To study the effects of form deprivation and its interference with growth of eye and refractive state. To explore the pathogenic mechanisms of myopia and the risk factors for its development and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of myopia. Methods A group of cases with monocular form deprivation measured with biometry. T test and multiple factor correlation analysis and stepwise regression were used for statistical comparison. Results Myopia developed in the study eyes. The average difference in diopters between the two eyes was 12.01D. The corneal measurement was not significantly different in diopters, but the depth of the anterior chamber, thickness of the lens, the axial length, and the refractive state of the eye were significantly different between the two eyes. Axial length enlargement contrbuted to the changes in the vitreous cavity length. Conclusions Form deprivation may induce myopia. Axial length was the main cause, with major changes in the vitreous. To eliminate form deprivation earlier is beneficial to maintain and restore a normal visual environment during the sensitive period of visual development in order to prevent myopia.