先天性迷走左肺动脉的影像学诊断

目的 分析先天性迷走左肺动脉的影像学特点，以便加深对该病的认识。方法 4例病例均做了X线检查、多普勒超声心动图，3例做了螺旋CT增强扫描检查，1例做了MRI检查，1例做了心血管造影检查。其中3例经手术证实或病理解剖证实。结果 (1)胸片表现为心影增大，肺血增多，左侧肺门位置比右侧略低，可见肺气肿、肺不张、肺炎；(2)支气管造影可见气管和(或)支气管狭窄；(3)食管造影可见食管向右、向后移压；(4)螺旋CT增强扫描及MRI检查：显示主肺动脉明显扩张，主肺动脉根部向右后延伸为右肺动脉，而左肺动脉起源于右肺动脉，紧贴左主支气管后壁向外延伸；(5)多普勒超声心动图：可见左肺动脉自右肺动脉发出；(6)心导管检查：显示主肺动脉明显扩张，左肺动脉起源于右肺动脉；(7)3例合并动脉导管未闭，2例合并永存左上腔静脉，1例合并房间隔缺损。结论 CT和MRI是诊断该病的最佳检查方法之一。

The imaging diagnosis of congenital aberrant left pulmonary artery

Objective To strengthen the understanding of the imaging features in congenital aberrant left pulmonary artery (CALPA). Methods All 4 patients underwent chest film and Doppler echocardiography. Thres cases were examined by enhanced spiral CT examination. In addition, MRI and DSA were performed in 2 cases respectively. Thres cases were proven by surgery or autopsy. Results (1) appearances on chest films included cardiomegaly, pulmonary overvascularity, left hilum a little lower than the right one, emphysema, atelectasis, and pneumonia. (2) bronchography showed stenosis of trachea and/or bronchia. (3) Barium esophagram showed an imprint on the left anterior wall of esophagus. (4) Contrast-enhanced spiral CT and MRI showed marked dilatation of main pulmonary artery (MPA) and the root of MPA extended backward to become right pulmonary artery (RPA), the left pulmonary artery (LPA) arose from the RPA directly. (5) echocardiography indicated LPA arose from RPA. (6) DSA showed MPA was marked dilated, and LPA arose from RPA. (7) other abnormalities included 3 PDA, 2 PLSVC, and ~1 ASD. Conclusion CT and MRI are the best methods to diagnose CALPA.