输血相关性移植物抗宿主病的研究进展

输血相关性移植物抗宿主病 (TA GVHD)的发生需具备输入一定数量的免疫活性的淋巴细胞、供体与受体之间存在组织相容性及受者的免疫功能低下。供、受体淋巴细胞相互作用 ,激活并使供者的T细胞克隆性扩增 ,导致细胞因子释放 ,继而损伤受者的细胞和组织 ,典型的临床表现有发热、皮疹、肝炎、腹泻和全血细胞减少。本病虽少见但其病死率高达 90 %以上。输注前 ,将血液或血细胞进行γ 射线或紫外线照射 ,可预防TA GVHD的发生。

Research Advance in Transfusion Associated Graft Versus Host Disease

Objective The basic requirements for the in ci dence of transfusion associated graft versus host disease(TA-GVHD) are:(1)tran sfer of immunocompetent cells;(2)histoincompatibility of donor and recipient;(3) immunological inability of the recipient.The result of interactions between dono r and host cells is an activation and clonal expansion of donor T cells,which le ads to the release of cytokine and the destruction of target cells and tissues o f the recipient.The typical clinical features are fever,skin rash,hepatitis,diar rhoea and pancytopenia.TA-GVHD is rare,but its mortality is more than 90%.TA- GVHD can be prevented by irradiating cellular blood products with γ-rays or ul traviolet radiation before transfusion.