心理干预对贲门癌术后营养不良患者的影响

目的 探讨心理干预措施对于贲门癌术后营养不良患者心理状态的积极作用以及对生活质量的有利影响。 方法 将 56 例贲门癌术后营养不良患者随机分为对照组和干预组，每组 28 例。对照组按常规进行入院宣教、疾病知识教育和健康教育，干预组在此基础上接受 3 次结构性心理干预。用 SCL-90 和 QLQ-C30 评定两组患者在入院时和心理干预 1 个月后心理健康水平和生活质量。 结果 56 例营养不良患者入院时 SCL-90 各因子得分均显著高于全国常模 (P<0.01)；1 个月后干预组 SCL-90 除敌对因子外，其他各因子评分均低于对照组（P<0.01）；1 个月后干预组 QLQ-C30 躯体功能、情绪功能、社会功能、总体健康、疲乏、恶心呕吐、失眠、食欲丧失、便秘和对照组比较，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。 结论 结构性心理干预措施对于减轻贲门癌术后营养不良患者的心理压力以及提高其生活质量具有重要影响。

Effects of structural psychological intervention on the patients with malnutrition after cardiac cancer operation

Objective To evaluate the effects of structural psychological intervention on the mentality and quality of life in patients with malnutrition after the cardiac cancer operation. Methods Fifty-six patients with malnutrition after the operation of cardiac cancer were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. The 28 patients in the control group received routine admission education and health education. The others in the intervention group received 3 structural psychological intervention in addition to routine admission education and health education. The mentality and quality of life with two group patients were investigated by using SCL-90 and QLQ-C30 questionare at the time of admission and 1 month later. Results There was significant difference in mental health status for patients with malnutrition compared with the norm assessed by SCL-90 (P<0.01). After intervention, the SCL-90 scores in intervention group (except hostility) were lower than that in the control group(P<0.01). The comparison between the two groups after 1 month showed there was statistically significant differences in physical function, emotional function, sociology function, general health status ,fatigue, nausea and vomiting, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation (P<0.01). Conclusion The structural psychological intervention is able to alleviate the mental symptoms and improve their quality of life in the patients with malnutrition after the cardiac operation.