Statistical analysis of kerf mark measurements in bone |
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Authors: | James A Bailey Yishi Wang Frank R W van de Goot Reza R R Gerretsen |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Political Science and Law Enforcement, Minnesota State Universiy Mankato, Mankato, Minnesota 56001, USA;(2) 617 Chestnut Street, Wilmington, North Carolina 28401, USA;(3) Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S. College Road, Wilmington, North Carolina 28401-5970, USA;(4) Department of Pathology, Vrije Universiteit Medisch Centrum, Centrum voor Forensische Pathologie, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(5) Department of Pathology, Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI), Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497 GB The Hague, The Netherlands;(6) Barge’s Anthropologica, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | Saw marks on bone have been routinely reported in dismemberment cases. When saw blade teeth contact bone and the bone is not
completely sawed into two parts, bone fragments are removed forming a channel or kerf. Therefore, kerf width can approximate
the thickness of the saw blade. The purpose of this study is to evaluate 100 saw kerf widths in bone produced by ten saw types
to determine if a saw can be eliminated based on the kerf width. Five measurements were taken from each of the 100 saw kerfs
to establish an average thickness for each kerf mark. Ten cuts were made on 10 sections of bovine bone, five with human-powered
saws and five with mechanical-powered saws. The cuts were examined with a stereoscopic microscope utilizing digital camera
measuring software. Two statistical cumulative logistic regression models were used to analyze the saw kerf data collected.
In order to estimate the prediction error, repeated stratified cross-validation was applied in analyzing the kerf mark data.
Based on the two statistical models used, 70–90% of the saws could be eliminated based on kerf width. |
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