手腕部特定骨成熟度指征与青春期生长突增的关系

目的 确定中国当代儿童手腕部特定成熟度指征出现年龄,描述其与青春期生长突增之间的关系.方法 研究样本为14 757名城市汉族健康儿童,其中男7373名,女7384名.计算年龄组身高平均数差值,绘制生长速度曲线;以回归分析方法计算第3中节指骨、桡骨骺和第一指内收肌籽骨的11个成熟度指征出现的年龄.结果 青春期身高生长突增加速期伴随以第3中节指骨骺呈方形和第1指内收肌籽骨的出现;在身高速度高峰时第3中节指骨骺覆盖骨干和第1指内收肌籽骨呈骨结;在身高生长减速期,桡骨骺与骨干开始融合,第1指内收肌籽骨发育成熟;在中节指骨3骺与骨干融合、桡骨骺与骨干融合1/2时生长突增结束.结论 特定手腕骨成熟度指征可用来推测儿童青春期的生长.

Relationship of certain skeletal maturity indicators of hand and wrist with adolescent growth spurt

Objective To investigate the relationship of certain skeletal maturity indicators of hand and wrist with adolescent growth spurt. Methods 14 757 normal urban children, 7373 boys and 7384 girls, aged 7 -20, all of Han nationality, from Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wenzhou, Dalian, and Shijiazhuang underwent measurement of height and weight, and left wrist anterior-posterior radiography. The incremental curve was fitted graphically according to the differences between the means for height at series ages. The ages of attainment of eleven skeletal indicators were defined by regression analysis for middle phalange 3, radius, and adductor sesamoid of the first finger. Results The accelerative phase of adolescent growth spurt was accompanied by becoming square of middle phalange 3 and the appearance of adductor sesamoid of the first finger. Peak growth velocity (PGV) was reached at about the time of epiphysis capping in middle phalange 3 and ossification of the adductor sesamoid of first finger. Decelerated phase of growth was indicated by the beginning of epiphysis fusion in radius and full maturity in adductor sesamoid of first finger. When the epiphysis of middle phalange 3 and the half of epiphysis of radius were respectively fused with their diaphyses, the growth spurt was ended. Conclusion Certain skeletal maturity indicators of hand and wrist can be used to indicate the period of adolescent growth that a child has reached.