静态三维钉板系统及相应配套器械的研制及运用

目的:研制一种新型的治疗股骨转子下骨折的内固定器材及相应的配套器械.方法:设计一种治疗股骨转子下骨折的新型内固定器材静态三维钉板系统(static three dimensional screw-plate system,STDSP).并根据STDSP的钢板和螺钉的设计参数,设计STDSP的配套器械瞄准器系统和相应的辅助工具,在成人尸体标本上操作演练.结果:STDSP包括3枚独特的股骨颈螺钉和l块解剖型钢板.颈螺钉在股骨颈内呈"◣或◥"形分布,与股骨干轴成135°.钢板外形与股骨上段解剖形态相吻合.螺钉与钢板呈固定连接,钢板包绕在股骨的前外侧面.研制出瞄准器系统及相应的配套工具,经在成人尸体标本上操作演练及X光摄片验证,此辅助器械系统能较好地帮助STDSP准确地置入人体,且能为STDSP置入操作提供便利条件.结论:STDSP具有三维动力加压功能、能较好地与股骨上段解剖形态相吻合等特点,可能是一种治疗股骨转子下骨折较好的内固定器材.所设计的STDSP配套器械结构简单,使用时具有准确、方便和快捷等优点.

Design and manufacture of the static 3 dimensional screw-plate system and its matching tools

OBJECTIVE: To design and manufacture a new type instrument and its matching tools for the proximal femur. METHODS: A new type instrument of subtrochanterical fracture-static 3-dimensional screw-plate system(STDSP)was designed and manufactured. The different types of accessory instruments which adapted to STDSP,the aiming guide, and the accessory tools were also designed and manufactured, and they were tested on bones. RESULTS: STDSP included 3 special lag screws and 1 anatomic plate. The lag screws distributed in femoral neck like "or"shape. There was 135 degree between the lag screws and femoral shaft. The shape of the plate was similar to the anatomic structure of the proximal thighbone. The posterior screw was stably connected to the plate. The plate was affixed crosswise to the lateral and anterior side by bicortical screws. The aiming guides and all kinds of accessory tools could help to install STDSP exactly and conveniently,which was verified on cadavers and X-ray photographs. CONCLUSION: STDSP has the function of dynamic compressing in 3-dimensional space, and can match with the structure of the proximal femur preferably. STDSP may be a suitable instrument to the subtrochanteric fractures. The accessory apparatus of STDSP has simple configuration,and can let the STDSP be installed accurately, conveniently and rapidly.