经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术并发症的防治

目的　探讨经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术 (PBMV)并发症发生的原因及防治措施。方法　回顾性分析 1311例PBMV中的 4 2例并发症。结果　并发症总发生率为 3.2 % (42 / 1311) ,其中心房颤动0 .8% (10 / 1311) ,急性心包填塞 0 .31% (4/ 1311) ,重度二尖瓣关闭不全 0 .4 6 % (6 / 1311) ,股动静脉瘘0 .6 9% (9/ 1311) ,急性肺水肿 0 .2 3% (3/ 1311) ,医源性房间隔缺损 0 .2 3% (3/ 1311) ,冠状动脉空气栓塞、下肢动脉血栓形成及一过性脑栓塞均为 0 .15 % (各为 2 / 1311) ,球囊破裂为 0 .0 8% (1/ 1311)。结论　PBMV是一种安全、有效、并发症低的微创手术方法。

The prevention and management of complications during and immediately after percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty

Objective To approach the cause and treatment of complications during and immediately after percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty. Methods One thousand three hundred and eleven patients with mitral stenosis were treated by percutaneous transseptal balloon mitral valvuloplasty. Among them, 42 patients with complications were retrospectively analyzed. Results The overall complications rate was 3.2% (42/1 311) including atrial fibrillation 0.8%(10/1 311), acute pericardial tamponade 0.31%(4/1 311), severe mitral insufficiency 0.46% (6/1 311), femoral arterial venous fistula 0.69% (9/1 311), acute pulmonary edema and iatrogenic atrial septal defect 0.23%(3/1 311), respectively. Coronary air embolism, arterial thrombosis and transient cerebrovascular accident was 0.15%(2/1 311) for every other one. Balloon rupture was 0.08%(1/1 311).Conclusions The complications of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty rarely occur. It is a safe and efficient nonsurgical method for treating rheumatic mitral stenosis.