成都市温江区慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的肺功能及危险因素调查研究

目的调查成都市温江区稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的肺功能及其危险因素。方法对资料完整的1335例COPD患者进行x线正位胸片及/或肺CT、l2导联心电图检查、肺功能检测。所有患者由呼吸专科医生进行面对面危险因素问卷调查。结果 1335例患者中男性825例,女性510例,平均年龄68.9±15.1岁。其中轻度肺功能异常155例、中度456例、重度541例、极重度183例,以中重度为主。115例病人没有慢性咳嗽病史。有35%患者合并慢性肺源性心脏病。本组COPD患者吸烟率为77.0%,生物燃料接触者占30.9%,5.2%COPD患者有家具厂工作史。患者病情知晓率仅为35.8%,吸入药物治疗率为7.1%。结论温江地区COPD患者吸烟率和生物燃料使用率高,是极为重要的危险因素。应该加强对高危人群的肺功能筛查。患者病情知晓率和吸入药物使用率低,治疗严重不规范。

Study on the pulmonary function and risk factors of the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Wenjiang district of Chengdu

Objective To investigate the pulmonary function of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD) and its risk factors in population over 40 years old in WenJiang district of Chengdu.Methods All COPD patient with complete information were surveyed for X-ray(or CT)of pulmonary,electrocardiogram and pulmonary function.Using uniform scheme,procedures and questionnaire,the risk factor including financial reward of family,smoking,passive and smoking,asthma,and repeated respiratory infection,biofuel using and the working environmental pollution were investigated.Results There were 1335 cases with complete data including 825 males and 510 females with an average age of 68.9±15.1 years old.The total constituent ratio is mild COPD 155 cases,moderate 456 cases,Severe 541 cases,very severy 183 cases.The moderate and severe are the majority.There are 115 cases were never diagnosed of chronic bronchitis or COPD and never went to hospital for chronic cough and expectoration.There are 35% pantient are complicated with chronic cor pulmonale.Prevalence of smoking in COPD of our cases in WenJiang district was 77.0%.30.9%patients have the biofuel using history.5.2% patients have the history of working in furniture factory.Only 35.8% patients were imparted the condition of COPD or chronic bronchitis.Only 7.1% patients use the inhalated drugs.Conclusion Smoking and biofuel using are the most important risk factor to COPD patients in WenJiang district of Chengdu.Treatment of COPD are not normative for most patients.