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The expression of emotion through nonverbal behavior in medical visits
Authors:Debra L. Roter  Richard M. Frankel  Judith A. Hall  David Sluyter
Affiliation:1.Regenstrief Institute,Indiana University School of Medicine, Center for implementing Evidence Based Practice, Roudebush VAMC,Indianapolis,USA;2.Department of Psychology,Northeastern University,Boston,USA;3.The John E. Fetzer Institute,Kalamazoo,USA;4.Dept. of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health,Johns Hopkins University,Baltimore
Abstract:Relationship-centered care reflects both knowing and feeling: the knowledge that physician and patient bring from their respective domains of expertise, and the physician’s and patient’s experience, expression, and perception of emotions during the medical encounter. These processes are conveyed and reciprocated in the care process through verbal and nonverbal communication. We suggest that the emotional context of care is especially related to nonverbal communication and that emotion-related communication skills, including sending and receiving nonverbal messages and emotional self-awareness, are critical elements of high-quality care. Although nonverbal behavior has received far less study than other care processes, the current review argues that it holds significance for the therapeutic relationship and influences important outcomes including satisfaction, adherence, and clinical outcomes of care.
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