预警护理干预在神经外科重症患者预防压疮中的临床研究

目的：探讨预警护理干预程序在神经外科重症患者预防压疮中的成效。方法：将469例神经外科重症患者随机分为观察组（237例）和对照组（232例）。对照组患者行常规预防压疮护理,观察组患者运用诺顿评分预测神经外科重症患者压疮发病的潜在危险度,〈14分为发生压疮高危患者,针对危险因素进行预警程序护理,即在常规护理的基础上履行风险呈报、三级监控制度、健康教育及用具改革等。结果：观察组237例患者中4例发生压疮,其中3例为Ⅰ期,1例为Ⅱ期,对照组232例患者中12例发生压疮,其中6例为Ⅰ期,4例为Ⅱ期,2例为Ⅲ期,观察组压疮的发生率及各分期比例均低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：采用预警护理干预能有效降低神经外科重症患者压疮发生率。

Clinical Study of Preventive Intervention Nursing on Serious Decubitus Prevention of Neurosurgical Patients

Objective： To evaluate the effect of preventive intervention nursing on decubitus prevention of serious neurosurgical patients. Method： 469 serious neurosurgical patients were divided into test group （237 cases） and control group （232 cases）. Patients in control group were cared with traditional decubitus preventive nursing; those in test group were forecasted latent risk of decubitus with Braden scale, whose score was less 14 indicated high risk. Preventive nursing was performed based on the risk factors, including risk report, three - level monitor, health education and nursing apparatus reform. Result： There were 4 cases with deeubitus in test group, 3 in the first stage and 1 in the second stage. There were 12 cases with decubitus in control group, 6 in the first stage, 4 in the second stage and 2 in the third stage. The incidence of deeubitus and proportion of different stages of test group were less than those of control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： Preventive intervention nursing can effectively reduce the onset risk of serious decubitus in neurosurgieal patients.