Alzheimer病的海马体积测量及脑组织分割分析的初步研究

目的采用ＭＲ体积测量和组织分割分析对Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病（Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒｄｉｓｅａｓｅ，ＡＤ）患者和正常对照组进行研究，探讨其对ＡＤ的诊断价值。方法对临床诊断为ＡＤ患者和正常老年人各１６例作对照进行ＭＲＩ比较研究。测量两组的海马结构（ＨＦ）体积，脑灰质、脑白质、脑室外脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）和脑室ＣＳＦ体积所占颅内体积百分比，计数两组脑实质Ｔ２ＷＩ上的高信号灶并测量其最大径。结果体积测量显示ＡＤ组左、右侧ＨＦ体积均小于对照组。组织分割分析显示ＡＤ组脑灰质较对照组明显减少，脑室外ＣＳＦ和脑室ＣＳＦ体积所占颅内体积百分比较对照组增加，而脑白质两组间无显著性差异。ＡＤ组和对照组脑实质内高信号灶在大小和分布上无差异。结论ＭＲＨＦ体积测量和脑组织分割分析有助于临床了解ＡＤ的脑部形态结构改变，并能为ＡＤ的进一步诊断提供有价值的影像学评价指标。

Initial study using MRI volumetry and tissue segmentation in Alzheimer disease

Purpose To explore the role of MR imaging using volumetry and tissue segmentation techniques in diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods MR imaging of the brain was performed in 16 patients with AD and 16 control subjects. A computerized volumetry and tissue segmentation program was used to quantify volumes of hippocampal formation (HF), gray matter, white matter, sulcal and ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Number counting and measurement of brain hypertense signal areas on T 2 weighted image were also performed. Results A significant reduction of HF,gray matter and an increase in sulcal and ventricular CSF were found in AD as compared with control subjects. There was no difference in the volume of white matter, and location and size of hyperintense signal areas on T 2 weighted imaging. Conclusion MR volumetry and tissue segmentation were useful for clinical understanding of morphological structural changes of the brain and were able to provide an imaging predictive marker for diagnosis of AD.