门诊糖尿病患者饮食管理的调查研究

目的了解门诊糖尿病患者饮食自我管理现状。方法方便取样调查48例门诊糖尿病患者3d的饮食热量控制、膳食结构和饮食行为。结果36例患者填写的问卷有效，日均饮食总热量理想6例（16．7％），不足16例（44．4％），过多14例（38．9％）。总热量与年龄、睡前加餐热比呈正相关。超重者总热量控制不如体重正常和肥胖者（P〈0．05）。碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质占总热量的比例分别为（43．0±9．0）％、（37．3±8．5）％、（19．6±3．4）％。碳水化合物比例与在外就餐频率有关。结论门诊糖尿病患者饮食总热量不足和过多同时存在，三大营养素比例不合理问题突出。肥胖者、超重者的饮食控制问题较为突出。

Investigation of Diet Management Status of out Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Objective To investigate the status of diet management of out patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods 48 patients was adopted with convenient sampling. The calories and the characteristics of diets in 3 days were analyzed.Results In 36 cases having completed the questionnaire effectively, 6 cases（16.7%） took daily calorie properly. Those with daily calorie deficiency were 16 cases（44.4%）,while those taking more calorie were 14 cases（38.9%）. Daily calorie intake was positively related to age and calories of bedtime snack. Daily calorie control of overweight were worse than those with normal weight and obese（P〈0.05）. Percents of carbohydrate, fat and protein were （43.0±9.0）%, （37.3±8.5）% and （19.6±3.4）% respectively. Percents of carbohydrate were related to frequency of eating out. Conclusion Problems of less and more than ideal range of calorie intake were both existed problem. Irrational ratio of carbohydrate, fat and protein was prominent. Diet control of obese and overweight all had a lot of problems.