600例儿童头颈恶性实体瘤统计分析

本文统计分析中山医科大学肿瘤医院1964—1984年内15岁以下儿童头颈恶性实体瘸600例。常见肿瘤是视网膜母细胞瘤(251例),脑瘤(109例),癌(101例)和肉瘤(94例)。其发病特点如下:(1)发病年龄与肿瘤种类关系密切。视网膜母细胞瘤呈山峰型曲线;脑瘤、癌和肉瘤呈上升型曲线。(2)不同发育时期的儿童易患某种肿瘤:婴儿期多见视网膜母细胞瘤,学龄期多为脑瘤和癌,肉瘤则多见于学龄前期和学龄儿童。(3)儿童头颈癌颇为多见,尤其鼻咽癌,占儿童头颈癌45％。(4)儿童头颈癌多为组织分化差的肿瘤。(5)发病部位比较集中在眼、脑、鼻咽、鼻腔、上颌窦和甲状腺。(6)成人常见的喉癌、舌癌和喉咽癌本组未见。

AN ANALYSIS OF 600 CASES OF CHILDREN WITH HEAD AND NECK MALIGNANT SOLID TUMOUR

Six hundred (600) cases of children under 15 years with head neck malignant tumor have been treated at the tumor hospital of SUN Yat-sen University of medical sciences from 1964 to 1984. The most common tumors were retinoblastoma (251), brain tumors (109), carcinoma (101) and sarcomas (94)The characteristics of these tumors were as follow: ( 1 ) The types of the tumor were related closely with age The curve of incidency of the retinoblasyoma was mountain peak-like and that of the brain tumors, cancers and sarcomas, showed a rising-shape.(2) The predominant types of the tumor varied with age. Children under 3 were most likely to have retinoblastoma; those 7 to 15, brain tumors and cancers; those 4 to 15 sarcomas.( 3) Among cancers NPC was most com mon( 4 ) Cancers were mostly poorly differentiated.(5) Tumors were usully found in eyes, brain, nasopharynx, nasal cavity, maxillary sinuses and thyroid.(6) Tumors of the larynx, tongue and hypopharynx, which are common in adult, were not found in children in this study.