Effects of virtual reality combined cognitive and physical interventions on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;2. Department of Pharmacology, Nanomedicine Engineering Laboratory of Jilin Province, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;3. Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, East Yinghuayuan Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China;4. School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China;1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China;2. 1 Epidemiology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, China-UK Collaboration, Hong Kong, China;3. Kent and Medway Medical School, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, UK;4. Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;1. Department of Applied Health Sciences, Hochschule für Gesundheit (University of Applied Sciences), Bochum, Germany;2. Department of Clinical Gerontology, Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany;3. HSD Hochschule Döpfer (University of Applied Sciences), Department of Health, Cologne, Germany;4. Faculty of Sports Science, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany;5. Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany;6. Department of Therapy Science I, Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus - Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany;7. Digital Geriatric Medicine, Medical Clinic, Heidelberg University, Germany;1. Department of Research, Dr. AGA Clinic, Tokyo, Japan;2. Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan;3. Department of Japanese Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong;4. Veterans Affairs Pacific Islands Health Care System, Honolulu, HI, USA;1. University of Rochester, USA;2. Stanford University, USA;3. UC-Riverside, USA;1. School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia;2. School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
ObjectiveCombined cognitive and physical interventions based on virtual reality may help delay the progression of MCI to dementia or prevent dementia. However, their efficacy is less well studied compared to pharmaceutical treatments. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effects of cognitive and physical interventions based on virtual reality on cognitive function (global cognition, memory or executive function/attention) of older adults with mild cognitive impairment.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL and IEEE from inception to 13 May 2021. Only randomized controlled trials which incorporated virtual reality cognitive and physical components targeted to individuals with mild cognitive impairment were eligible. Two researchers independently conducted document retrieval, study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality evaluation.Result7 randomized controlled trials were included in a total of 8 articles. No studies were rated as having a "high" risk of overall bias. The results of a meta-analysis showed that VR combined cognitive and physical interventions enhanced the global cognitive (MD = 2.66, 95% CI = 1.79–3.54, P = 0.03, I 2 = 68%) abilities of older adults with mild cognitive impairment. The meta-analysis indicated that after virtual reality combined cognitive and physical interventions, effects on memory (SMD = −0.03, 95% CI = −0.60 to 0.55, P = 0.78, I 2 = 0%) and executive function/attention (SMD = −0.19, 95% CI = −0.74 to 0.36, P = 0.09, I 2 = 53%) were not statistically significant.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis verifies the potential rehabilitative effects of virtual reality combined cognitive and physical interventions for older adults with mild cognitive impairment. More research is also needed to determine the optimal intensity and timing of interventions in the future. |
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| Keywords: | Cognitive dysfunction Aged Virtual reality Meta-analysis |
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