体温对大脑认知功能状态影响与调控策略研究进展

人若长期暴露在高低温极端环境下会使机体不适,极大影响其脑的认知功能,以致警觉度、注意力、工作记忆等功能受损。皮肤温度刺激作为简便易行的体温调控物理方法,可在一定程度上稳定并提高大脑的认知功能状态。综述目前国内外相关研究的现状与存在的问题,指出现未明确了解的调控体温、保护大脑神经和提高认知功能的机制,还有待探索的最佳目标刺激温度和时间,以达到快速有效提高大脑认知能力的目的。展望今后的研究策略,应紧密结合低温刺激,从大脑神经保护机制和大脑认知功能内在机理两个方面来研究制定体温调控策略,才有望找到快速有效调控、安全稳妥保护大脑认知功能的最佳方案。

Research Progress of the Effects of Body Temperature on Brain Cognitive Function and Regulation Strategies

The long-term exposure to extreme conditions of high or low temperature would make body uncomfortable, which greatly affects the brain cognitive function and may impair the alertness, attention, working memory and other functions. Skin temperature stimulation, as a simple physical method of body temperature regulation, can stabilize and improve the cognitive function of the brain to a certain extent. This paper reviewed the current research status and existing challenges. It was showed that there has not been clear understanding of the mechanism of regulating body temperature to protect brain nerves and improve cognitive function. It is still necessary to explore the optimal target stimulus temperature and time to achieve the goal of rapid and effective improvement of brain cognitive ability. Looking forward to future research strategies, we proposed that it should closely combine the mechanism of hypothermic stimulation on brain nerve protection and the intrinsic mechanism of brain cognitive function to study and formulate temperature control strategies, so as to figure out the best scheme of fast and effective regulation, as well as safe and stable protection of brain cognitive function.