白蛋白纳米颗粒的制备研究进展

由于可以增强药物的靶向性、降低游离药物的毒副作用,基于纳米颗粒的药物递送系统在医学领域具有广泛应用。白蛋白是血浆中含量最多的蛋白质, 具有生物相容性好、无免疫原性、可生物降解等特性, 是制备纳米颗粒的理想材料。现有白蛋白纳米颗粒的制备方法主要有去溶剂化法、自组装法、乳化法、双乳化法、热凝胶、喷雾干燥、nab^TM技术、pH凝聚法等。由于制备原理及制备条件的差异,各方法表现出的优缺点也不尽相同。综述近年来白蛋白纳米颗粒的制备研究进展, 按照制备方法分类进行介绍, 并对当前白蛋白纳米颗粒研究领域所面临的困境及未来的发展方向进行探讨。

Recent Advances in Preparation of Albumin Nanoparticle Systems

In the past decades, drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles have been increasingly applied in medical fields, aiming to improve the target activity of drugs and reduce the untoward effects. Among various polymers, albumin is an ideal material for the formulation of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. As the most abundant protein in plasma, albumin has many advantages, such as good biocompatibility, biodegradability and lack of immunogenicity. There is a list of approaches to prepare albumin nanoparticles, including desolvation, self-assembly, emulsification, double emulsification, thermal gelation, spray drying, nab-technology and pH-coacervation. Due to the differences in the mechanism and conditions of preparation, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. This article provided an overview of research progresses in different albumin-based formulations according to preparation methods. The current difficulties confronted by albumin nanoparticles and the future development directions were also discussed.