2009~2012年安阳市医疗机构输血不良反应状况

目的 分析安阳市4家医疗机构549例临床输血不良反应的状况,为有效预防和处理临床输血不良反应、促进输血管理的进一步规范提供参考.方法 通过对4年来安阳市4家医疗机构64 251例输血病历的调查,对出现输血不良反应病例分别按医院、反应类型、输血种类等进行分类和统计.结果 64 251例临床受血患者中,发生输血不良反应549例,整体输血反应的发生率为0.85％,总体输血不良反应发生率呈逐年下降的趋势;在不同类别的输血不良反应中,差异具有统计学意义,过敏反应发生率最高,占81.95％;不同血液成分中,差异具有统计学意义,病毒灭活冰冻血浆引起不良反应发生率最高,占51.18％,单采血小板不良反应发生率次之,占39.34％.结论 随着白细胞滤除技术的应用,非溶血性发热反应发生率已经远低于过敏反应发生率;全面的免疫血液学检查在输血前的开展非常重要,加强输血反应的监测和报告是保证输血安全的重要举措.

The Adverse Reactions of Clinic Blood Transfusion in Hospitals of Anyang City from2009 to 2012

Objective To prevent the adverse reactions of clinic blood transfusion and provide the reference for blood transfusion management by observing 547 cases of 4 medical institutions in Anyang city. Methods 64 251 cases from 4 medical institutions were investigated for adverse reactions of clinic blood transfusion in Anyang city in terms of hospitals, types of reaction, and blood transfusion categories. Results 549 cases had adverse reaction of blood transfusion among 64 251 cases, with the rate of 0.85 ~ adverse reaction ~the significant difference of adverse-reaction existed in differ- ent blood transfusions , and the rate of anaphylaxis was the highest, accounting for 81.95 %. The significant difference was also noted in transfusion of blood components, and the rate of adverse reaction in frozen plasma with virus inactivation was the highest which accounted for 51.18%, followed by 39.34% in single donor platelets. Conclusion With the application of leucocytes filter technology, the occurrence rate of non-hemolytic febrile transfusion reactions is much lower than ana- phylaxis. A thorough examination of immunohematology and intensive supervision of blood transfusion reactions would be crucial to ensure the safety of blood transfusion.