贫铀诱发细胞超微结构改变及DMSO的保护作用

目的观察贫铀(DU)对体外培养的人支气管上皮细胞超微结构的影响及二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的保护作用。方法DU作用人支气管上皮细胞(BEAS-2B)24 h后,用荧光染色法检测细胞存活率、坏死率和凋亡率,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察细胞超微结构改变。结果荧光显微分析表明,DU作用后,存活细胞数明显减少,凋亡和坏死细胞数显著增高,而DMSO对DU诱发的细胞凋亡和坏死有明显的保护作用。TEM显示,正常细胞和DMSO对照细胞整体形态、核质比例、各种细胞器及细胞骨架均结构清晰;DU处理的细胞,无论细胞内、外有无贫铀颗粒,均见细胞不同程度的凋亡或坏死,正常细胞结构改变或消失,特别是细胞内或外有DU颗粒的细胞,膜性细胞器改变明显,其他细胞器也观察到结构不清或空泡化;DMSO+DU组,即使细胞内外有贫铀分布,各种细胞器结构的改变也明显减轻,观察到有些线粒体、内质网等膜性结构发生膨胀,但细胞整体结构仍较清晰。结论DU可诱发细胞凋亡和坏死,并导致细胞超微结构改变,DMSO对DU所致细胞损伤有明显的保护效果。

Changes of Cellular Ultrastructure Induced by Depleted Uranium and Protection of Dimethyl Sulfoxide

ObjectiveTo investigate effects of depleted uranium(DU) on cellular ultrastructure and protection of dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO).MethodsHuman bronchial epithelial cells(BEAS-2B) were divided into 4 groups,namely normal group(NC),DMSO control group(DMSO),DU treated with or without DMSO groups(DU and DU+DMSO).The fractions of survival,apoptosis and necrosis cells were detected by fluorescent photometry.Changes of cellular localization and ultrastructure were observed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).ResultsAfter DU treatment,cell survival decrease,cell apoptosis and necrosis increased,and DMSO could reduce cell damage induced by DU.Under TEM,cells of NC and DMSO groups showed normal structure,while that of DU treated without DMSO(DU group),numerous organelle altered presenting apoptosis and/or necrosis,endoplasmic reticulum vesiculated,mitochondria destroyed,especially the cells there were DU particles inside or outside.However,in DMSO+DU group,though some ultrastructural changes similar to DU group were appeared,amount and extension of alterations distinctly reduced,and presenting less pathological features.ConclusionDU could induce cell apoptosis and necrosis,and severe alterations of cell altrastructure,and these damages could be(reduced by) DMSO.