轻度认知功能障碍脑结构与功能MRI研究进展

轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)患者被认为是阿尔茨海默病的高危人群,并且在MCI阶段进行干预治疗,有利于延缓病情进展甚至逆转认知功能破坏,故对于MCI的研究,具有重要的临床意义。MRI技术包含多个序列成像,可从不同角度发现MCI的大脑结构和功能异常,有利于早期诊断、预测病情进展情况和揭示病理机制,促进MCI和阿尔茨海默病的防治。本文主要对于近些年来结构磁共振成像、功能磁共振成像、扩散张量成像、动脉自旋标记和质子磁共振波谱分析在MCI的诊断、分类、预测病情方面的研究现状进行了论述,希望为今后的临床诊疗及科研提供借鉴。

Advances in structural and functional MRI researches of the brain with mild cognitive impairment

Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are considered as the high-risk group of Alzheimer's disease. Intervention treatment in MCI stage is beneficial to delay the progress of disease and even reverse the cognitive impairment, so it is of great clinical significance to study MCI. MRI technology includes multiple sequential imaging, which can detect structural and functional brain abnormalities in MCI from different angles, facilitating early diagnosis, predicting disease progression and revealing cognitive mechanisms. It is also useful for early diagnosis, prediction of disease progression and revealing pathological mechanisms to facilitate the prevention and treatment of MCI and Alzheimer's disease. In this paper, we mainly discuss current status of research on structural magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, arterial spin labeling and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the diagnosis, classification and prediction of MCI in recent years, hoping to provide reference for future clinical diagnosis and scientific research.