18例瘤型脑脓肿的临床特点及鉴别诊断

目的 总结瘤型脑脓肿的临床特点并探讨其诊断方法.方法 回顾性分析中山大学肿瘤防治中心神经外科自2000年10月至2007年2月间收治的18例瘤型脑脓肿患者的临床资料,并随访其术后恢复情况.结果 共有18例腩脓肿在外院诊断为肿瘤,其中诊为胶质瘤11例,转移瘤7例.冬春季节发病16例.18例均未发现原发性感染灶,2例入院前1月有发热病史.入院后白细胞总数10.1×109/L～13.7×109/L者7例,其中6例中性粒细胞比率80.8%～90.5%,白细胞总数正常11例.入院后患者均行MRI检查,14例诊为腩脓肿,2例诊为转移瘤,诊为胶质瘤及寄生虫病各一例.细菌培养结果 为无菌生长9例,革兰阳性菌4例,链球菌3例,表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌各一例.手术切除12例,穿刺引流6例.术后随访1～6年,治愈17例,好转1例.结论瘤型脑脓肿常发生于冬春季节,临床表现不典型,MRI扫描是其最有价值的辅助榆查方法 .在脑脓肿与坏死囊变脑肿瘤的鉴别诊断中,MRS和DWI足常规MRI扫描的重要补充.

Clinical features and differential diagnosis in 18 cases of lepromatous type brain abscess

Objective To investigate the clinical features and differential diagnosis of lepromatous type brain abscess. Methods A total of 18 cases with brain abscess admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University during October 2000 to February 2007 were retrospectively analyzed with regard to their clinical data and prognosis during follow-up.Results 11 cases had been diagnosed with gliomas and 7 cases had been diagnosed with metastatic tumors in other hospitals. Among the 18 cases, 16 patients took the onset in winter and spring. All of the 18 cases had not found the primary focus of infection. Two cases among them had got a fever 1 month prior to hospitalization. Among the 18 cases, 7 cases had higher total white blood cells (10.1×109/L-13.7×109/L), and 6 cases had higher neutrophil rate (80.8%-90.5%). And the other 11 cases had normal blood routine. After hospitalization, all of the patients received MRI. 14 cases of them were diagnosed with brain abscess, 2 cases with metastatic tumor, 1 case with glioma, and 1 case with parasite. All of the patients got bacterial culture, and showed asepsis in 9 cases, Gram-positive bacteria in 4 cases, streptococci in 3 cases,Staphylococcus epidermidis in 1 case, and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 1 case. Twelve cases underwent resection, and 6 cases received puncture and drainage. During the follow-up ranging 1-6 years, 17 cases healed well, and 1 case get better. Conclusion Lepromatous type brain abscess commonly occurs in winter and spring. The clinical manifestations are untypical. MRI is the most valuable auxiliary examination, and the magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion weighted imaging takes an important role in differential diagnosis between brain abscess and cystic brain tumor with necroses.