Mechanisms of conditioned immunomodulation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Johns Hopkins/National Institutes of Health, Bloomberg 11379, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;2. Pediatric Leukemia Program, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street, CRB1 Room 2M49, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA;1. Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA;2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA;3. Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, 920 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA;2. Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Executive Director Cardiometabolic Trials, Harvard Clinical Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA;1. Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Departments of Microbiology, Molecular Virology and Hospital Infection Control, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai 600 123, India;3. Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;4. School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;5. Department of Biotechnology, Government Science College, Chitradurga 577501, Karnataka, India;6. Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Virology, Clinical Skills & Simulation and Research, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai 600 123, Tamil Nadu, India;7. Department of Cosmetic, Plastic and Burn Surgery, No. 50, Normal Road, The Fourth People''s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250031, China;1. Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium;2. Department of Radiotherapy and Experimental Cancerology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;3. Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium;4. Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium;5. Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium;6. Provincial Institute for Hygiene, Antwerp, Belgium;7. Faculty of Social Sciences and IMDO, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium;8. Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium;9. Medical Laboratory Bremen, Germany;10. Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Hasselt University, Belgium;11. School of Public Health, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
This article presents some recent work from our laboratory indicating that multiple physiological systems play a role in conditioned immunomodulation. The first study shows that naltrexone, but not N-methylnaltrexone, blocks the suppressive effects of an aversive conditioned stimulus on Con-A-induced proliferation and natural killer cell activity of splenic lymphocytes. This finding indicates that central opioid activity is involved in the conditioned effects. The second study shows that the β-adrenergic antagonists atenolol and ICl-118,551 block the suppressive effects of an aversive conditioned stimulus on Con-A-induced proliferation, but have no effect on natural killer cell activity. This result indicates the involvement of the adrenergic system in a subset of the conditioned effects. Collectively, these experiments provide evidence that both the opioid system and the sympathetic nervous system are involved in conditioned immunomodulatory changes elicited by an aversive conditioned stimulus. |
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