黄褐斑338例临床分析

目的分析黄褐斑的临床特点和发病诱因。方法用关于黄褐斑皮肤特点、光反应类型及发病诱因的问卷调查2011年9月-2012年6月天津市长征医院皮肤色素科门诊诊治的黄褐斑患者。结果共入选338例,男23例,女315例,男女比约为1∶14。平均发病年龄(34.84±5.54)岁。发病高峰年龄为30～40岁。270例(79.88%)暴露部位皮肤颜色为中等或偏深色,113例(33.43%)对光反应类型为Ⅳ型不易晒红中度晒黑,217例(64.20%)为干性或者混合性皮肤,138例(40.83%)为敏感性皮肤。明确由暴晒引起的有31例、日晒后加重者148例(43.79%),月经不调184例(占女性患者的58.41%),精神压力大且与病情相关的有73例(21.60%)。结论黄褐斑患者中半数以上为干性或混合性皮肤,对光反应类型为Ⅳ型的患者比例较一般人群大,日晒等物理因素、内分泌因素及精神压力是发病的主要诱因。

Clinical Analysis of 338 Cases of Chloasma

Objective To survey various clinical characteristics and evaluate the cause of chloasma. Methods Design comprehensive questionnaires of chloasma patients including skin characters, skin types and incentives. The patients were all diagnosed to be chloasma in Tianjin Changzheng hospital from September 2011 to June 2012. Results There were 23 male and 315 female patients enrolled. The ratio of male to female was about 1 ∶ 14. The mean age of onset was(34.84±5.54). The incidence rate was high in 30~40 age groups. The color of expose skin parts of 270 (79.88%) patients was medium or deeper. There were (33.43%)patients who were skin type Ⅳ. And 217( 64.20%) patients were dry or mixed skin. And 138(40.83%) patients’ skin was sensitive. There were 31 cases were clearly caused by excessive exposure to the sun. And 148(43.79%) cases were worse after exposing to the sun. One hundred and eighty-four (58.41%) cases had menstruation irregular. Seventy-three (21.60%) cases had larger mental pressure. Conclusion More than half cases are dry or mixed skin. It is more common in skin type Ⅳ than the ordinary people. Sun exposure, endocrine factors, and stress are the main cause of the disease.