Association of Serum Pyridoxal-5′-Phosphate,Pyridoxal, and PAr with Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Large-Scale Case-Control Study

Previous epidemiological studies have focused on the association of dietary vitamin B₆ or circulating pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) with colorectal cancer risk. This study aimed to investigate the vitamin B₆ in relation to colorectal cancer risk combining the biomarkers of PLP, pyridoxal (PL) plus PLP, and PAr (the ratio of 4-pyridoxic acid over the sum of PLP and PL). A large-scale hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Guangdong Province, China, which included 1233 colorectal cancer cases and 1245 sex and age frequency-matched controls. Serum PLP, PL, and 4-pyridoxic acid (PA) were detected with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Serum PLP and the sum of PLP and PL were inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk, while PAr was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk. Comparing the highest with the lowest quartile, the adjusted OR (95% CI) was 0.26 (0.20–0.33, P_trend < 0.001) for serum PLP, 0.51 (0.40–0.66, P_trend < 0.001) for serum PLP plus PL, and 2.90 (2.25–3.75, P_trend < 0.001) for PAr. Serum PLP and PAr had significantly stronger associations with colorectal cancer risk in the male group and smoking group. Our results supported the protective role of vitamin B₆ in colorectal cancer risk among Chinese people. The positive association of PAr with colorectal cancer risk suggested the potential role of inflammation and oxidative stress in colorectal carcinogenesis.