精神病院工作人群职业枯竭和睡眠问题相关研究

目的调查精神病院工作人群的职业枯竭和睡眠问题,并对其相关性进行探讨。方法采用Pines的倦怠问卷（Burnout Measure,BM）、阿森斯失眠量表（Athens Insomnia Scale,AIS-8）、睡眠个人信念和态度量表（Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale,DBAS-30）等工具,对广州市精神病医院在职工作人群进行调查。结果共发出问卷240份,收回有效问卷229份。倦怠总分为21～126分,平均（59.85±17.57）分,其中耗竭因子分为9～54分,平均（23.67±9.25）分,士气消沉因子分为8～48分,平均（18.83±8.34）分,动机丧失因子分为4～28分,平均（17.35±5.04）分;其中低倦怠组57人,占24.9%,中等倦怠组112人,占48.9%,高倦怠组60人,占26.2%。AIS总分为0～24分,平均（4.63±4.37）分;其中无失眠116人,占50.70%,可疑失眠37人,占16.20%,失眠76人,占33.20%;夜间睡眠问题为0～15分,平均（3.18±3.05）分,白天不良影响为0～9分,平均（1.45±1.64）分。DBAS总分为30～142分,平均（94.57±23.40）分;其中DBAS1为9～45分,平均（27.30±7.66）分,DBAS2为9～45分,平均（30.40±8.30）分,DBAS3为3～15分,平均（8.48±2.27）分,DBAS4为2～10分,平均（6.56±2.03）分,DBAS5为7～34分,平均（21.83±5.53）分。倦怠总分与AIS总分及因子分显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与DBAS3显著正相关（P〈0.05）,耗竭和士气消沉因子分与AIS总分和因子分显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与DBAS总分及DBAS1、DBAS2、DBAS5因子分有负相关趋势（P〉0.05）;动机丧失与DBAS总分及各项因子分显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与AIS总分及各项因子分有负相关趋势（P〉0.05）。结论精神病院工作人员人群中存在明显的职业枯竭和睡眠问题,且密切相关,对睡眠相关问题的干预有可能会降低职业枯竭水平,但该人群本身对此关注程度远远不足。

Job burnout and sleep problems in working population of hospital

Objective To explore the status of job burnout and sleep problems in working population of psychiatric hospital.Mehtods 229 employees completed a battery of questionnaires,including Burnout Measure（BM）,Athens Insomnia Scale（AIS-8） and Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale（DBAS-30）.Results Burnout and insomnia problems were found seriously in this population.BM：total score of 21 to 126,an average of 59.85±17.57;AIS：total score of 0 to 24,an average of 4.63±4.37;and DBAS：total score of 30 to 142,an average of 94.57±23.40.Scores of BM were significantly positively correlated with scores of AIS.Conclusion The results indicate that burnout and sleep problems were serious in working population of hospital,and significantly correlated with each other.Intervention on sleep problems might effectively alleviate burnout.