药用植物基因工程的研究进展

虽然伴随着一定的质疑,但基因工程技术在现代农业中的应用显示了其在应对粮食短缺等全球性问题上的出色作用和巨大潜力。药用植物同样面临着资源匮乏、生长环境恶化、种质衰退等一系列问题,使药用植物传统种植和采集模型受到极大的挑战。基因工程技术由于可以赋予传统植物新的特性从而给药用植物的发展带来了希望和曙光。基因工程技术可以用来提高药用植物的抗病、抗虫、抗除草剂的能力,提高药用植物的产量,增加药用植物中活性物质的含量,改善药材的品质等方面,有利于药用植物的大面积种植和保护。在发展药用植物基因工程过程中,转基因药用植物的安全性也应受到重视,在充分认识到药用植物特殊性的基础上建立一套科学的,适用于转基因药用植物的安全性评价体系和判断标准,促进转基因技术在药用植物领域健康、可持续发展。在保证安全性的前提下,使基因工程技术的优势在药用植物研究和应用中得到充分的利用。

Research progress of genetic engineering on medicinal plants

The application of genetic engineering technology in modern agriculture shows its outstanding role in dealing with food shortage. Traditional medicinal plant cultivation and collection have also faced with challenges, such as lack of resources, deterioration of environment, germplasm of recession and a series of problems. Genetic engineering can be used to improve the disease resistance, insect resistance, herbicides resistant ability of medicinal plant, also can improve the medicinal plant yield and increase the content of active substances in medicinal plants. Thus, the potent biotechnology can play an important role in protection and large area planting of medicinal plants. In the development of medicinal plant genetic engineering, the safety of transgenic medicinal plants should also be paid attention to. A set of scientific safety evaluation and judgment standard which is suitable for transgenic medicinal plants should be established based on the recognition of the particularity of medicinal plants.