2007年88医院医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的调查医院感染病原菌的分布及耐药趋势,为指导临床用药及控制医院感染提供依据。方法对医院2007-01～2007-12培养分离出的1106株病原菌,采用自动微生物分析仪ATBExpression及配套试剂进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验。结果发现革兰阳性球菌288株(26.0%),耐甲氧西林株分别占金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的72%和89.4%,未发现耐万古霉素菌株;革兰阴性杆菌680株(61.5%),以大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌为主;革兰阴性杆菌对碳青酶烯类的亚胺培南耐药率最低,其次为阿米卡星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦。真菌137株(12.4%),念珠菌为主。结论医院感染的耐药问题严重,临床应根据病情及时做病原菌检测,结合药敏试验结果,正确合理使用抗菌药物。

Drug resistance and its distribution of nosocomial infection pathogens of No.88 hospital in 2007

Objective To investigate the tendency of bacterial distribution and resistance of hospital infections, and to provide the reference for the clinical treatment and infection control in hospital. Methods A total of 1 106 strains of NI pathogens from Jan ：2007 to Dec2007 were identified by ATB expression, and bacterial susceptibility tests were performed on strains using Kirby-Bauer method. Results Among them Gram-positive cocci were 288 strains （26.0%）, Meticillin resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococcus （CNS） accounted for 72% and 89.4%, respectively. No Vancomycin resistant S. aureus were isolated. There were 680 strains of Gram-negative bacilli （61.5%）, the most common pathogens of them were Escherichia cOli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneunwniae. The highest susceptibility to Gram-negative bacilli was imipenem of carbapenem, then amikacin, piperacillin/tazobactam. Fungus were 137 strains （12.4%）, the most of them was Candida. Conclusion Drug resistance of the nosocomial infection bacteria is a serious problem. The clinically selected anti-bacterial drugs should be based on the bacterial culture and drug susceptibility test.