儿童视网膜脱离发病特点分析

目的 探讨视网膜脱离在儿童中的发病特点。方法 对１１２例（１２０眼）１４岁以下儿童视网膜脱离眼的病因、病程及发病情况等进行回顾性分析。结果 儿童视网膜脱离具有男孩发病比例高，外伤性视网膜脱离多，伴有先天性眼部发育异常患者多等特点。患者多发病至就诊时间间隔长，增生性玻璃体视网膜病变重。结论 儿童视网膜脱离具有与成人不同的发病特点，眼科医生应根据其特点随访高危人群，做到早发现，早治疗。

Features of juvenile retinal detachment

ObjectiveTo reveal the features of juvenile retinal detachment.MethodsThe design was retrospective study.A total of 120 eyes of 112 patients with retinal detachments,14 years of age or younger,were involved.The clinical features included the causes,the interval between the injury and the diagnosis,and the mechanism of retinal detachment.ResultsA high preponderance of boys was found in our study.The high incidence of traumatic detachments was a second characteristics.Third feature was that the detachments were associated most frequently with congenital ocular diseases,such as aphakia,coats disease,coloboma of the choroid,retinoschises.Long duration of symptoms before surgery is a common problem in this age group because the patient failed to report symptoms.Severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy was due to late diagnosis.ConclusionsSeveral unique characteristics distinguished juvenile detachment from that of the adults.It is essential that physicians be cognizant of this problem and,when possible,educate high risk patients about symptoms of retinal detachment and follow them periodically.Early diagnosis may prevent severe visual loss.