芜湖市免费婚前医学检查疾病检出状况分析

目的：通过对芜湖市近5年免费婚检数据的分析，总结现阶段婚检的成效及存在问题，为进一步提高婚检质量提供科学依据和干预措施。方法对芜湖市2009至2013年婚前医学检查表、妇幼卫生年报和民生工程报表数据进行统计分析。结果2009至2013年，婚检查出患有各类疾病者14562例，检出率占6．87％，其中内科系统疾病检出率最高（43．46％），有关精神病最低（0．20％），检出率比较有显著差异（χ2＝6337．55，P＜0．01）。对婚育有影响的疾病患者共5448人，占实检的2．57％，其中尊重受检者意愿最高，占80．12％，不宜生育最低，占0．44％，影响婚育疾病检出率每年增高趋势有统计学意义（趋势χ2＝2565．69，P＜0．01）。人类免疫缺陷病毒（ HIV）共检测182035人，确诊HIV阳性19例，阳性率0．01％；男7例，女12例，男女HIV阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2＝1．32，P＞0．05）。结论芜湖市婚前医学检查率逐年上升，婚检疾病检出率不断提高，尽早发现育龄男女HIV感染情况，采取咨询和干预，能有效降低HIV母婴传播率，对于提高出生人口素质有重要的意义。

Analysis of disease detection in free premarital medical examination in Wuhu City

Objective To summarize the effectiveness and problems of premarital examination through analysis of free premarital data in past five years and to provide scientific evidence and interventions for further improving quality of premarital examination .Methods Premarital medical examination table , maternal and child health annual report and livelihood projects annual report data were analyzed from 2009 to 2012.Results During 2009 to 2013, 14 562 cases of various diseases were found , and the detection rate was 6.87%, of which the detection rate of internal diseases was highest (43.46%) and mental illness was lowest (0.2%).There was significant difference (χ2 =6 337.55,P<0.01).There were 5 448 cases suffering diseases which affect fertility , accounting for 2.57%, including the highest rate of respect for the wishes of subjects (80.12%) and the lowest rate of no fertility (0.44%).The increase of detection rate of disease affecting marriage and childbearing was statistically significant (χ2 =2 565.69, P<0.01).HIV was detected in total of 182 035 people, and 19 cases were diagnosed HIV positive with positive rate of 0.01% (7 males and 12 females).There was no significant difference in HIV positive rate between men and women (χ2 =1.32,P>0.05).Conclusion Premarital medical examination rate increases year by year and disease detection rate rises unceasingly .Early diagnosis of HIV infection in child -bearing age population and consulation as well as intervention can reduce HIV maternal -infant transmission effectively , and they are of great significance in improving birth quality .