湖南省四县(区)15岁及以上居民两周患病和发病情况及影响因素分析

目的: 分析湖南省四县(区)15岁及以上居民两周患病和发病情况及影响因素。方法: 利用第四次国家卫生服务调查湖南省四县(区)的样本数据,分析两周患病和发病情况,采用非条件逐步logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果: 湖南省四县(区)15岁及以上居民的两周患病率及发病率分别为11.5%和3.9%。两周患病和发病前3位的疾病分别是呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、肌肉骨骼疾病。非条件逐步logistic回归分析显示:两周患病中,城市居民两周患病风险是农村居民的0.64倍(P<0.05); 45~59岁组和≥60岁组的两周患病风险分别是15~44岁组的1.69和2.62倍(P<0.05);丧偶者两周患病风险是未婚者的1.91倍(P<0.05);在校学生两周患病风险为在业人员的0.29倍(P<0.05);两周发病中,城市居民两周发病风险为农村居民的0.63倍(P<0.05);丧偶者两周发病风险为未婚者的2.37倍(P<0.05)。结论: 湖南省四县(区)15岁及以上居民的卫生服务需要主要为呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病和肌肉骨骼疾病,农村居民、中老年人、在业人员、丧偶者的卫生服务需要相对较高,应予特别重视。

Analysis of the incidence of short-term illness in four counties of Hunan Province

Objective:To determine the prevalence and incidence of illness of two-week duration,and the factors influencing these,among residents 15 years and older in four counties of Hunan Province.Methods:Data were sampled from four counties of Hunan Province for the Fourth National Health Service Survey.Incidence and two-week prevalence of disease were used to assess the health service needs of residents.A non-conditional,stepwise logistic regression was employed to explore the influencing factors.Results:The two-week prevalence and incidence were 11.5% and 3.9%,respectively,in four counties of Hunan.The three leading diseases of two-week prevalence were:respiratory diseases,digestive diseases,and musculoskeletal diseases.Non-conditional stepwise logistic regression showed that urban residents had 0.64 times the risk of two-week illness compared with the rural residents(P< 0.05);residents in the 45–59 year age group and the 60+ year age group had 1.69 and 2.62 times the risk of two-week illness compared with residents in the 15–44 year age group,respectively(P<0.05).The widowed had 1.91 times the risk of prevalence of two-week illness contrasted to singles(P<0.05);the students had 0.29 times the risk of two-week illness contrasted to the workers(P<0.05);urban residents had 0.63 times the risk of two-week illness compared with the rural(P<0.05);the widowed had 2.37 times the risk of incidence of two-week illness compared with singles(P <0.05).Conclusion:The majority of health service needs of residents of four counties is generated by three diseases:respiratory diseases,digestive diseases,and musculoskeletal diseases.Relatively,rural residents,the elderly,employed persons and the widowed have higher health service needs than others and deserve specific attention.