大中型商场空气中PM10和PM2.5污染水平分析

目的了解平顶山市大中型商场室内空气可吸入颗粒物(PM10)和细颗粒(PM2.5)的污染情况.方法于2004年4月10-16日,利用便携式气溶胶监测仪,对平顶山市区的中原商场、商业大楼、食品城总店3家大型购物中心不同楼层空气中PM10和PM2.5进行现场测定和分析.结果中原商场、商业大楼、食品城总店空气中PM10的浓度均值分别为0.212、0.108、0.056 mg/m3,PM2.5的浓度均值分别为0.179、0.092、0.043 mg/m3.3家商场空气中PM10的浓度均值均未超标;中原商场、商业大楼空气中PM2.5的浓度均值超标,超标倍数分别为1.75和0.42倍.人流量越大,空气中PM10和PM2.5的浓度越高.同一层内,各采样点的PM10和PM2.5浓度不同,且差别很大.地下1层空气中PM10和PM2.5污染水平高于其他楼层,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).3家商场室内空气中PM2.5/PM10浓度平均比值为0.853.经相关性分析发现,两者存在线性关系,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论大中型商场内存在颗粒物的污染来源,商场内空气中颗粒物污染严重.

The Analysis of Pollution Level of PM10 and PM2.5 in Large and Moderate Scale Shopping Centres

Objective In order to analyze the pollution level of PM10 and PM2.5, as well as their sources in large and moderate scale shopping centres. Methods Using the portable aerosol monitor detected the PM10 and PM2.5 on different locale floors in Zhongyuan Supermarket, Commerce Building and Foodstuff Centre in Pingdingshan City area. Results The average mass concentration of PM10 in Zhongyuan Supermarket,Commerce Building and Foodstuff Centre were 0.212 mg/m3, 0.108 mg/m3, 0.056 mg/m3 and that of PM2.5 were 0.179 mg/m3, 0.092 mg/m3, 0.043 mg/m3 respectively. The pollution level of PM10 of all the shopping center didn't exceed the related standard. The average mass concentration of PM2.5 in Zhongyuan Supermarket,Commerce Building all exceeded the standard ,and the times of exceeding standard were 1.75 and 0.42. The people volume of flow was more masses, and the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 were more higher. The mass concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in every sites of the same floor was significantly different (P<0.05). The average ratio of PM2.5/PM10 was 0.853 in the indoor air of the three shopping centre. PM10 and PM2.5 existed linearity relation via analyze(P<0.05). Conclusion The pollution sources of the particle matter exist badly in large and moderate scale shopping centre in Pingdingshan City. The pollution of the particle matter in the indoor air of shopping centre is serious.