国内罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素药物不良反应回顾性分析

目的：分析国内文献罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素等大环内酯药物不良反应报告情况,探讨国内应用上述3种药物不良反应的发生规律。方法：1994年～2005年间罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素药物不良反应报告经《中国期刊全文数据库(Web)》检索获得。结果：文献表明罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素药物不良反应均以消化道反应多见；克拉霉素、阿奇霉素静脉滴注可致少数严重药物不良反应,阿奇霉素所致过敏性休克和过敏性休克死亡占药物不良反应总数的0．66%、占用药病例数的0．17%。结论：临床用药不可忽视罗红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素严重药物不良反应,尤其是B型药物不良反应的存在,应重视用药后的监测。

Retrospective analysis of adverse drug reactions of roxithromycin, clarithromycin, and azitromycin in China

AIM:To assess the reports on the adverse drug reactions(ADR)of macrolides drugs such as roxithromycin,clarithromycin,and azitromycin,and explore the incidence rule of these ADR in China.METH- ODS:The incidence rates of ADR were analyzed by reviewing the literatures in Chinese Journal Full Text Database from 1994 to 2005.RESULTS:Digestive tract reaction was the most common incidence for the ADR of roxithromycin,clarithromycin,and azitromycin.A few ADR could be caused by venous infusion of clar- ithromycin or azitromycin.The incidence of allergic shock and death caused by allergic shock of azitromycin was about 0.66% of the total ADR,and 0.17% of the total administrated drug population.CONCLUSION:Seri- ous ADR caused by macrolides drugs as roxithromycin,clarithromycin,and azitromycin,especially type B drugs,should not be neglected clinically and monitoring after medication has to be emphasized.