The association of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior with skeletal muscle strength and muscle power in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;2. Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;3. Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;5. Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;6. Department of Internal Medicine, Amstelland Hospital, Amstelveen, the Netherlands;7. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;8. School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, England, United Kingdom;9. Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom;10. Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore |
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| Abstract: | 
BackgroundEngaging in physical activity (PA) and avoiding sedentary behavior (SB) are important for healthy ageing with benefits including the mitigation of disability and mortality. Whether benefits extend to key determinants of disability and mortality, namely muscle strength and muscle power, is unclear.AimsThis systematic review aimed to describe the association of objective measures of PA and SB with measures of skeletal muscle strength and muscle power in community-dwelling older adults.MethodsSix databases were searched from their inception to June 21st, 2020 for articles reporting associations between objectively measured PA and SB and upper body or lower body muscle strength or muscle power in community dwelling adults aged 60 years and older. An overview of associations was visualized by effect direction heat maps, standardized effect sizes were estimated with albatross plots and summarized in box plots. Articles reporting adjusted standardized regression coefficients (β) were included in meta-analyses.ResultsA total of 112 articles were included representing 43,796 individuals (range: 21 to 3726 per article) with a mean or median age from 61.0 to 88.0 years (mean 56.4 % female). Higher PA measures and lower SB were associated with better upper body muscle strength (hand grip strength), upper body muscle power (arm curl), lower body muscle strength, and lower body muscle power (chair stand test). Median standardized effect sizes were consistently larger for measures of PA and SB with lower compared to upper body muscle strength and muscle power. The meta-analyses of adjusted β coefficients confirmed the associations between total PA (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and light PA (LPA) with hand grip strength (β = 0.041, β = 0.057, and β = 0.070, respectively, all p ≤ 0.001), and TPA and MVPA with chair stand test (β = 0.199 and β = 0.211, respectively, all p ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsHigher PA and lower SB are associated with greater skeletal muscle strength and muscle power, particularly with the chair stand test. |
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| Keywords: | Physical activity Sedentary behavior Accelerometry Muscle strength Muscle contraction Aged |
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