高原低氧环境下军事训练对武警新兵微循环功能的影响

 目的 观察高原低氧环境下军事训练对武警新兵微循环功能的影响,为指导高原地区军事、体能训练提供科学依据。方法 试验在青海( 海拔约3000 m,大气压力60.49 kPa ) 和天津( 海拔约4 m,大气压力101.08 kPa ) 完成。受试者为武警某部新兵连战士,将受试者分为3组,分别为平原籍平原训练组(对照组,60人)、平原籍高原训练组(A组,62人)和高原籍高原训练组(B组,38人)。所有受试者进行12周训练,训练强度相同。训练前和训练后第4、8、12周用XXG-E3 型自动心血管功能诊断仪记录微循环功能指标,并对受试者甲襞微循环进行检测。结果 在高原低氧环境下军事训练新兵血容量明显减少,以A组减少最为显著(P<0.05);B组半更新率低于其他两组(P<0.05),平均滞留时间和半更新时间高于其他两组(P< 0.05);B组形态积分和流态积分高于对照组(P<0.05);A组襻周积分(2.78±0.85)vs(0.93±0.34)]和流态积分(1.33±0.34)vs(0.59±0.31)]显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 高原籍战士的微循环功能对高原训练适应性较强,平原籍战士高原低氧军事训练应当逐步增加训练量,以减少高原反应和微循环障功能碍的发生。

Effects of military drill on microcirculation of recruits exposed to high altitude hypoxia

Objective To study the effects of military training on microcirculation in recruits exposed to high altitude hypoxia, so as to provide scientific basis for the military training at high altitude. Methods The experiment was carried out in Qinghai (about 3000 m above sea level and 60.49 kPa) and Tianjin (about 4 m above sea level, and 101.08 kPa). The subjects were recruits from an Armed Police unit, and divided into plain native plain training group (Control group, n=60), plain native training at altitude group (group A, n=62), and plateau native training at high altitude group (group B, n=38). All subjects were exposed to the identical training intensity for 12 weeks. The function indexes of microcirculation were detected with XXG-E3 cardiovascular function diagnostic unit before training, the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks during training, and the nail fold microcirculation was measured. Results The blood volume in group B group decreased significantly compared with control group (P<0.05). The microcirculation half renewal rate of plateau B was lower than other group (P<0.05), The microcirculation mean residence time (P<0.05) and microcirculation half turnover time (P<0.05) in group B were higher than in other groups. Meanwhile, the morphous score and fluid state score in group B were significantly higher than in control group(P<0.05). The Peri-loops score and fluid state score in the group A was markedly higher than in control group. Conclusions The microcirculation functions in plateau native soldiers are more flexible than other groups, especially at 4 weeks during the training. For decreasing plateau effects and microcirculation dysfunction, soldiers of plain native training at altitude should gradually increase training intensity.