恶性梗阻性黄疸的介入治疗进展

恶性梗阻性黄疸（MOJ）是临床常见病症，梗阻以肿瘤压迫胆道狭窄为主要原因，早期缺乏典型症状，手术切除率低，预后极差。经皮肝穿刺胆管引流术（PTCD）及胆道支架置入术是MOJ最有效的解决方法，能有效缓解临床症状，改善肝功能，提高患者生活质量。介入联合化疗、¹²⁵Ⅰ粒子植入、射频消融等方法治疗原发肿瘤，可显著延长患者生存期。术后积极抗感染治疗，可显著降低并发症。随着新一代抗肿瘤药物问世、介入器材和技术的不断进步、药膜内支架的开发与研究，为介入治疗提供了各种新的途径和手段，胆道内支架置入后有望保持长期畅通，大大延长患者生存期。

Advances in interventional therapy of malignant obstructive jaundice

Malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) is a common clinical disease, in which a tumor presses the biliary stricture as the main reason to cause obstruction. Due to a lack of typical symptoms, MOJ usually has a low success rate of surgical resection and the prognosis is also poor. However, latest research from various prestigious labs nationally and internationally showed that percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTCD) and biliary stenting are the most effective methods for malignant obstructive jaundice. These methods can effectively relieve clinical symptoms, improve the liver function, and the quality of life of patients. PTCD combined with chemotherapy, ¹²⁵Ⅰ seed implantation, radiofrequency ablation and other strategies targeting the primary tumors , can significantly prolong the patient’s survival, while active postoperative anti-infective therapy significantly reduced the complications. With the advent of new generations of anti-tumor drugs, interventional equipment and technology advances, the development of film stents and interventional therapy provides a variety of promising strategies and it is expected that patients with biliary stenting biliary patency, as will greatly extend the survival of patients.