部分市售粮食中伏马菌素污染状况调查

测定谷物中伏马菌素含量，了解粮食中有关真菌的污染状况，评价伏马菌素的ＥＬＩＳＡ测定法。方法：采集市售大米，玉米及饲料玉米，采用酶联免疫吸附法测定，对阳性样品进行真菌培养分离，并用ＨＰＬＣ进行确证。结果：４０份大米中未检出伏马菌素，７０份玉米检出阳性样品２７份，均数０．６８ｍｇ／ｋｇ。ＨＰＬＣ法的确证结果表明２７份ＥＬＩＳＡ法阳性样品中２３份检出伏马毒素Ｂ１，均数为０．４２ｍｇ／ｋｇ；６份同时检出伏马菌素Ｂ２，均数为０．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ。２７份阳性样品真菌分离培养结果均检出串珠镰刀菌。结论：玉米受串珠镰刀菌污染较重，并有伏马菌素产生。本次调查大米中未检出伏马菌素情况较好。其它主粮中伏马菌素污染情况还有待进一步调查。

Survey on Fumonisins Contamination in pant of Commercial grains

Objective: To determine fumonisins content in grains, survey the contamination by fungus in grain. and evaluate effect of ELISA. Method: The samples were collected fom market and determined by ELISA. The positive ones were given mycological isolation and culture, and determined by HPLC. Result: No fumonisins were detected in 40 rice samples. 27 in 70 were positive in corn samples(30 for feed),average 0.68mg/kg,The positive sample also were determined by HPLC, in 23 fumonisin B1 were detected (average 0.43mg/kg) in which fumonisin B2 were found in 6 sample (average 0.2mg/kg).In all the positive samples, F moniliforme was detected in culture. Conclusion: Corn is easily to contaminated by F moniliforme which produces fumonisins. Although all rice samples were negative, further investigation was needed to other kind of grains.