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Clinical features of clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion of corpus callosum in children

??Objective To compare the etiology and clinical characteristics of clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion of corpus callosum in Chinese children with those cases from different countries. Methods The clinical and imaging features of two children with the diagnosis of MERS were analyzed and pediatric MERS cases were screened from “China National Knowledge Infrastructure”??“China Biology Medicine”??“PubMed ” and “Web of Science” databases for analysis between January??2000 and February??2015. Results A total of 115 cases were collected and the male to female ratio was 1.1 to 1?? with onset age of 6 months to 14 years old. There was usually a certain infection before the onset. About 58.3% of infectious pathogens were detected?? and influenza virus and rotavirus infection were very common pathogens?? followed by bacterial infections and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. The neurological symptoms manifested as mental and behavioral disorders ??42.6%???? seizures ??37.4%???? decreased consciousness ??5.2%?? or consciousness??25.2%?? and dysarthria ??6.9%??. The MR imaging ??MRI?? findings exhibited lesions in an isolated splenial or the white matter and entire corpus callosum?? and completely disappeared at follow-up MRI. With anti-infection and symptomatic treatments??the clinical symptoms of most patients were relieved without leaving any serious neurological sequelae. Conclusion Infection is a prevalent predisposing factor of MERS in children?? with nonspecific clinical characteristics. The MRI examination plays a role of implication for diagnosis. And all clinical symptoms of patients will disappear within a few days and the prognosis of patients is good.