看护人营养知识与儿童饮食行为的关系

目的:探讨我国农村地区看护人营养知识与儿童饮食行为的关系。方法:采用询问调查方法, 对随机选择的3361名看护人及其所照看儿童(2~7岁)进行问卷调查;采用logistic回归分析方法分析看护人营养知识与儿童饮食行为的关系。结果:看护人营养知识知晓率为57.9%;儿童不良饮食行为发生率:不喝牛奶79.6%, 偏食挑食66.0%, 吃零食84.1%, 不吃早餐24.4%, 不按时就餐13.7%;Logistic回归分析结果显示:看护人营养知识水平低是其所照看儿童不饮食行为(吃零食除外), 如不喝牛奶(OR=1.665)、偏食挑食(OR=1.338)、不吃早餐(OR=1.330)和不按时就餐(OR=1.582)等的危险因素。结论:看护人营养知识与儿童不良饮食行为有关, 应大力开展看护人营养知识健康教育, 以促进儿童养成良好的饮食行为。

Relationship between caregivers' nutritional knowledge and children's dietary behavior in Chinese rural areas

Objective: To explore the relationship between caregivers’ nutritional knowledge and children’s dietary behavior in rural areas of China.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. 3361 rural caregivers and their children, aged 2 to 7 years old, were selected randomly and surveyed by questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to identify the relationship between caregivers’ nutritional knowledge and the children’s dietary behaviors.
Results: The awareness level of nutritional knowledge among rural caregivers was 57.9%; among the children surveyed, 79.6% did not like to drink milk, 66.0% were considered choosy of food, 84.1% regularly snacked, 24.4% frequently skipped breakfast, and 13.7% did not come to meals on time. Logistic regression models indicated that a caregiver with a low level of nutritional knowledge is a risk factor for a child’s unhealth dietary behaviors (snacking excepted): the odds ratios (OR) of not liking to drink milk, being choosy about food, skipping breakfast or not having meals on time are 1.665, 1.338, 1.330 and 1.582, respectively.
Conclusion: Caregivers’ nutritional knowledge is strongly associated with children’s dietary behavior. Nutrition education programs are urgently wanted to improve caregiver’s knowledge and thus to improve children’s dietary behavior in rural areas of China.