云南省2001-2005年疟疾疫情分析

目的 分析2001-2005年云南省疟疾流行态势, 为制定和实施“十一五”抗疟规划提供参考依据。方法 用Microsoft office excel 2003 及ArcView GIS 3.3等软件, 对2001-2005年疟疾疫情数据进行统计分析。 结果 2001-2005年云南省16州(市)129县(市)各县各月均有疟疾病例报告, 计63 562例, 发病高峰在5～8月和10～11月。5年平均发病率为3.049/万, 比前5年上升4.67％, 差异具有统计学意义( χ2＝63.15, P＜0.05), 各年发病率呈上升趋势。发病数和发病率处于前5位州(市)和排名前10位的县(市)除梁河县(二线边境县)外均为边境州(市)和一线边境县(市)。发病率为5/万以上的23县人口仅占全省总人口的12.74%, 发病占全省的80.31%。45岁以下年龄组发病占87.30％, 死亡占79.36％; 发病数和死亡数男女之比分别为3.44 ∶ 1和6 ∶ 1; 农民、 民工和学生的发病率在各职业中居前3位; 流动人口发病和死亡数分别占全省发病和死亡数的17.06％和23.42％,是感染疟疾的高风险人群。 结论 云南省疟疾流行态势依然严峻。“十一五”期间, 应全面抓好疟疾的病例管理、 态势监测并及时开展各种防控工作。

Malaria Situation in Yunnan Province during 2001-2005

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the trends of malaria incidence from 2001 to 2005 in Yunnan Province. METHOD: Malaria data in 2001-2005 were collected and statistically analyzed by using Microsoft excel 2003 and ArcView GIS 3.3 software. RESULTS: Among 63,562 malaria cases reported in the 5 years from 129 counties of 16 prefecture in the province, the average annual malaria incidence was 3.049/10,000 with an increase of 4.67% than the previous 5 years chi2 = 63.15, P < 0.05). There were 2 peaks of malaria incidence: May to August and October to November. Five prefectures with the highest malaria incidence were the prefecture bordering to the southern nations, and counties ranged first ten places of malaria incidence were all at the first line border areas besides Liang-He County which is in the second line border area. There were 23 counties with malaria incidence higher than 5 per ten thousand, occupying 80. 31% of all cases in the province but only 12.74% of the population. 87.30% of the cases and 79.36% of the death occurred in those under 45 years-old. Farmers, laborers and students were at the high-risk of malaria infection. Moving population accounted for 17.06% of the cases and 23.42% of the death in the province. CONCLUSION: Malaria is still an important part of public health in Yunnan Province, and people younger than 45 years-old, farmers, laborers and moving population are at the high risk for malaria infection.