极外侧经髁人路识别和保护椎动脉的显微解剖学研究

目的 为极外侧经髁入路术中识别和保护椎动脉提供翔实的显微解剖学资料。方法 模拟极外侧经髁入路对10例成人尸头标本进行显微解剖．对椎动脉进行观察、测量和拍照。尤其关注椎动脉识别和保护的方法。结果 肩胛提肌和头下斜肌、头外侧直肌、C2神经前支、寰椎横突、寰推后结节和椎动脉周围静脉丛是识别椎动脉的解剖标志；椎动脉行程曲折，易受损伤，术中应妥善保护。结论 观察、测量的结果有助于术中椎动脉的识别和保护。

Microanatomic study on the method of identifying and protecting the vertebral artery during the procedure of the extreme lateral transcondylar approach

Objective To supply full and accurate microanatomic data for identifying and protecting the vertebral artery during the procedure of the extreme lateral transcondylar approach. Methods According to the procedures of the extreme lateral transcondylar approach,cadaveric head specimens of ten adults were dissected by microsurgical anatomic skill. Observation and measurement were performed on the vertebral artery, and photographs were taken. The method of identifying and protecting the vertebral artery during surgery was especially focused on. Results The anatomic landmarks to identify the vertebral artery include the levator scapulae,the inferior oblique muscles,the rectus capitis lateralis muscle,the C2 ventral ramus,the transverse process of atlas,the posterior tubercle of atlas and the venous plexus around the vertebral artery. The vertebral artery runs a tortuous course, so it is .apt to be injured and should be protected carefully during surgery. Conclusions The results of observation and measurement are helpful for identifying and protecting the vertebral artery during surgery.