鸟巢式护理结合非营养性吸吮对低出生体重儿生长发育的影响

目的探讨鸟巢式护理结合非营养性吸吮对低出生体重儿生长发育的影响。方法将160例低出生体重儿，按是否辅以“鸟巢”式护理及非营养性吸吮，分为观察组和对照组各80例，观察两组患儿生长发育、出现喂养不耐受及出现呼吸暂停的情况。结果观察组患儿恢复出生体重的时间（4．0±0．6）d，对照组为（7．2±2．3）d，两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=11．29，P〈0．01）；观察组患儿入院后第7天及第14天的睡眠时间分别为（20．6±2．4），（20．4±1．8）h，对照组分别为（19．2±2．2），（19．1±1．2）h，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为3．85，5．37；P〈0．01）；研究过程中，观察组出现胃潴留、腹胀、呕吐等喂养不耐受及出现呼吸暂停的情况较对照组少，差异有统计学意义（X2=14．41，P〈0．01）。结论鸟巢式护理结合非营养性吸吮能使低出生体重儿感到温暖及安全，提高经肠道喂养的耐受性，加快体格生长，促进低出生体重儿的生长发育。

Effect of nest-type nursing combines with non-nutritive sucking on the growth of low birth weight infant

Objective To explore the effect of nest-type care combines with non-nutritive sucking on the growth and development of low birth weight infant. Methods According to whether supplemented the＂ nest＂ type of care and non-nutritive sucking, totals of 160 cases of low birth weight infants were divided into the observation group（n = 80） received the nest-type care combines with non-nutritive sucking, and the control group（ n = 80）received traditional nursing. Then, the growth, the occurrence of feeding intolerance, the case of breathing pauses of infant were observed. Results The average time of infant in the observation group returned to birth weight was （4.0 ± 0.6 ） days four days significantly shorter than （ 7.2 ± 2.3 ） days in the control group （t = 11.29,P〈0.01）. The seventh and fourteenth days after admitted to hospital, the weight of infant in observation group were respectively （106.0 ± 12.2）, （299.7 ± 3.4）g,which increased significantly faster than that in the control group respectively （ 31.0 ± 16.5 ）, （ 235.3 ± 0.5 ） g, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Sleep time of seventh and fourteenth days after admitted were respectively （ 20.6 ± 2.4） hours and （20.4 ± 1.8） hours, which was better than that in the control group （ 19.2 ±2.2） hours and （ 19.1 ± 1.2） hours, and the difference was statistically significant （ t = 3.85,5.37, respectively; P 〈 0.01 ）. The occurrence of feeding intolerance such as gastric retention, abdominal distension, vomiting,and apnea cases in the observation group significantly lower than that in the control group （ X2 = 14.41,P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Nest- type care combines with non-nutritive sucking make low birth weight infant feelling warmth and safety. It can improve the tolerance of enteral feeding, accelerate physical growth, and promote the low birth weight infant to grow and development.