直肠腺瘤和直肠癌中 microRNA 表达谱差异

目的对直肠癌miRNA表达谱进行初步研究，以期发现在直肠癌发生过程中与直肠腺瘤miRNA的差异表达谱，并预测可能受其调控的靶基因。方法选择2011年1～3月于解放军第306医院肠镜检查的直肠癌及直肠腺瘤进行检测，筛选直肠癌、直肠腺瘤组织差异表达的miRNA，并运用生物信息软件分析其靶基因。结果通过miRNAs芯片检测，发现直肠腺癌与直肠腺瘤相比，上调的miRNA 34种，下调8种。预测ZFHX4可能为miR-375的靶基因，预测SMAD2等可能为miR-18a的靶基因。结论与直肠腺瘤相比，直肠腺癌有其特异的miRNA表达谱，miRNA在直肠癌的发生中可能起到重要作用。

Preliminary study of miRNA expression profiles in rectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma

Objective The miRNA expression profiles in rectal cancer and rectal adenoma are not examined till now in our country .The objective of this study is to compare and contrast the expression of miRNAs between rectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma ,and to identify some of the genes possibly associated with the development of rectal cancer.Methods We studied two rectal adenocarcinomas and two rectal adenomas samples to examine miRNA expression profiles through miRNA microarray .We also predicted the possible targets of miRNA by bioinformatics . Results Forty-two miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed between rectal adenocarcinomas and adenomas tissues,with thirty-four miRNAs upregulated while eight downregulated .Bioinformatics indicated that ZFHX 4 may be the targets of miR-375,and that SMAD2 may be the target of miR-18a.Conclusion There is a specific miRNA profile in rectal adenocarcinoma comparing to rectal adenoma .miRNA pathways play an important role in genes and have development in rectal adenocarcinoma .