老年糖尿病合并肺部感染的临床与淋巴细胞免疫学分析

目的：分析老年糖尿病合并肺部感染的临床特点与免疫学变化。方法：将297例老年肺部感染者，按有无糖尿病分为糖尿病组及非糖尿病组，对照分析其临床表现、实验室检查、合并症、并发症、治疗与转归及T细胞亚群CD4／CD8的比值差异。结果：糖尿病组以发热、纳差、神志不清、大小便失禁为首发症状、低氧血症、低蛋白血症、贫血、电解质紊乱的比例数明显高于非糖尿病组，其合并症、并发症、平均住院天数及死亡率均高于非糖尿病组。糖尿病组T细胞亚群CD4／CD8的比值明显低于非糖尿病组。结论：老年糖尿病患者比一般老年患者免疫力低，更易发生肺部感染，且临床表现不典型，病情危重的多，死亡率高。

Characteristics of Clinical and Immune Function of Lymphocyte among Elderly Diabetes Mellitus Patients Complicated with Lung Infections

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of clinical and immune function of diabetes mellitus complicated with lung infections a-mong the elderly patients. Methods: 297 elderly patients with lung infections were divided into two groups according to whether suffering from diabetes mellitus. The differences between their clinical manifestations, laboratory datum, complications, accompanied diseases, conversion and the ratio of CD4/CD8 were analyzed. Results: The initial symptoms were hyperthemeria, anorexia, cloudiness of consciousness, fecal and urinary incontinence etc. The incidence of hypoxemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyphemia, electrolyte disorder in diabetes mellitus group were significantly higher than those in non diabetes mellitus group. And severe complications, accompanied diseases, average admission dates and mortality were higher in diabetes mellitus group than in non diabetes mellitus group too. But the average ratio of CD4/CD8 in diabetes mellitus group was significantly lower than that in non diabetes mellitus group. Conclusion:The elderly diabetes mellitus patients had impaired immunity than that of common elderly. They were easier suffered from lung infection than common ones. When they suffered from lung infection, their clinical manifestations were not typical. Their mortality was high. Their conditions were severe.