某部干部乙肝免疫无或低应答因素调查研究

目的探讨军人乙肝疫苗免疫效果，查找无或低应答原因。方法利用某部干部年度体检资料，调查2000--2007年间乙肝疫苗免疫后抗-HBs阳转率统计分析免疫应答的影响因素。结果调查3830名干部在8年间从年度抗-HBs阳转率9．30％逐步提高为59．5％（P〈0．01）。由基因重组（酵母）乙肝疫苗改用基因重组（CHO细胞）乙肝疫苗后，抗-HBs阳转率提高到72．96％，（P〈0．01）。大年龄组抗-HBs阳转率低于小年龄组，机关干部低于旅（团）干部，吸烟和饮酒者低于不吸烟和不饮酒者，经统计学检验，均P〈0．01。结论成人接种乙肝疫苗抗-HBs阳转率明显低于儿童，乙肝疫苗种类应首选基因重组（CHO细胞）疫苗。年龄及不良生活行为对抗一HBs阳转率有一定的影响。

Investigation on Factors of Hepatitis B Immunization with Lower and No Response in An Army Unit

Objective]To investigate the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine and explore the reasons for no or low immune response among servicemen.Methods]Through the investigation of anti-HBs positive rate among officers by yearly physical examination of from 2000 to 2007, the affecting factors of immune response was analyzed statistically.Results]Positive rate of anti-HBs among 3830 officers increased from 9.30% to 59.5% in 7 years (P＜0.01). After using recombinant hepatitis B vaccine with CHO cells instead of that with yeast, the positive rate increased to 72.96%,(P＜0.01). The positive rate of anti-HBs in younger age group was lower than that in older age group, that of officers in departments was lower than that of officers in brigade (regiment), and that of smokers and drinkers was higher than non-smokers and non-drinkers (all P＜0.01).Conclusion] After hepatitis B immunization, the positive rate of anti-HBs among adults is obviously lower than that among children, the first choice is recombinant hepatitis B vaccine with CHO cells. Efficacy of vaccinations is influenced by age and adverse living habit.