kV-Cone Beam CT as an IGRT Tool in the Treatment of Early Stage Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review |
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| Authors: | Neil A. Mc Parland |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Radiation Therapy, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Center, BC;1. Oncology Center, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan;2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Tokyo Bay Advanced Imaging and Radiation Oncology Clinic Makuhari, Chiba, Japan;3. Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan;4. Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan;5. Department of Radiation Oncology, Tane General Hospital, Osaka, Japan;6. Department of Radiation Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan;7. Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan;8. Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan;9. Department of Radiation Oncology, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan;10. Department of Information Technology and Medical Engineering, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan;1. Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, United Kingdom;2. Radiation Oncology Centres Maroochydore, Australia;3. Proton Partners International, Newport, United Kingdom;1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA;2. Varian Medical Systems, iLab GmbH, Baden-Dättwil, Switzerland;1. Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon;2. Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon;3. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington |
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| Abstract: | Image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) is an important quality assurance measure that can be used in tandem with conformal radiation therapy treatment. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a sophisticated IGRT technology that has recently been introduced to the clinical setting. Cone beam equipment includes kilovoltage (kV) CBCT that produces online, high-quality, three-dimensional images of the prostate gland. Interfractional displacements of the prostate can be quantified and adjustments made using kV-CBCT so that daily RT can be accurately delivered. In addition, the volumetric nature of CBCT allows deformations of the prostate gland and surrounding anatomy to be accounted for using adaptive radiation therapy strategies.This article provides an introduction to the main IGRT tools that can be used in parallel with conformal radiation therapy of prostate cancer. A literature review is performed to describe the major IGRT approaches; however, the focus will remain primarily on the technical and clinical applications of kV-CBCT. Important considerations including patient dose, resource implications, and possible changes to the radiation therapist's scope of practice are also discussed. |
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