肺曲霉菌病的临床分类和影像学表现

曲霉菌是一类普遍存在的真菌,根据病人免疫状态及潜在肺部疾病的不同,可以造成肺部多种形式的损害及影像学表现,包括曲霉菌球(发生在肺内原有空洞/空腔内)、慢性坏死性曲霉病(见于部分性免疫损害或慢性肺部疾病病人)、侵袭性肺曲霉菌病(见于免疫缺陷病人)以及过敏性支气管肺曲霉菌病(见于哮喘病人,是对曲霉菌抗原的超敏反应).基于导致侵袭性肺曲霉菌病增加的危险因素,如器官移植和免疫抑制疗法等,熟悉各类肺曲霉菌病的临床和影像学表现是十分必要的.

Clinical Category and Imaging Manifestation of Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Aspergillus is a ubiquitous fungus that may cause a variety of clinical syndromes and imaging findings in the lung,depending on the immune status and the presence of underlying lung disease. These diseases include aspergilloma in patients with lung cavities, chronic necrotizing aspergillosis in those who are mildly immunocompromised or have chronic lung disease. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis(IPA) is a severe and commonly fatal disease that is seen in immunocompromised patients, while allergic bronchopulm...